Assessing the vulnerability levels of wetland ecosys tems and their components can be used as an effective tool to prioritize conservation programs, formulate and reinforce policies and programs, develop management s trategies, budget and identify the needs and information deficiencies. In this regard, the Conservation of Iranian Wetlands Project has developed an approach to assess the vulnerability of Ramsar sites in Iran in its 2017 work plan. This booklet provides an approach based on the available information, documents and the knowledge of national, provincial and local experts and does not require specific laboratory conditions and tools. This booklet will guide the reader from the theory of vulnerability assessment to practical s teps towards its implementation and, by providing a framework for assessing Ramsar vulnerabilities in Iran’s sites, it describes the implementation process. For more information, please visit the website at «http://www.wetlandsproject.ir» Special acknowledgment is due to Dr David Ness, Adjunct Associate Professor, University of South Aus tralia (UniSA) and chair of Ecological Development Union International Inc. (EDUI), and his UniSA colleagues, Dr. Chan Panditharatne, Dr Harpinder Sandhu, Dr Ke Xing and Prof Ying Zhu, who have been eagerly cooperating with us since the early writing of this booklet.